| Sea | Saline water bodies connected to, but smaller than the world’s oceans. |
| Salinity | A measure of the amount of dissolved solids in water |
| Island Chains | A series of islands formed above a hot spot in the Earth’s crust (e.g., Hawaiian Islands) |
| Islands Arcs | Curved series of volcanic islands (archipelago) formed along a subduction zone. |
| Seamounts | A volcanic mountain rising from the sea floor that does not extend above sea level |
| Tsunami | An ocean wave created by sub sea landslides, earthquakes, or volcanic eruptions |
| Swells | The up-and-down wave pattern in the open ocean. As they approach shore, they become irregular waves and then breakers |