Name: ________________________

Study Sheet: Test 3 - Geol V11 (Oceanography) - Chapters 5 & 6

Most marine sediments (by volume) are: (92)

Poorly-sorted sediments are: (92)

By analyzing traces of magnetite in marine sediments, scientists are finding that Earth’s magnetic field is: (video 4)

Oozes are classified as either siliceous or calcareous, depending on: (97)

Acidity below the calcium carbonate compensation depth (CCD) prevents deposition of: (97)

The record of Earth history from ocean sediments is limited due to: (102)

The main reason that marine sediments form in layers is because:

Swift and persistent bottom currents are the main cause of ___________ in beds of seafloor sediments. (90)

Sediment that originates from the continents is called: (92)

Manganese that collects around small bits of bone or other tiny particles, forms: (99)

Avalanches of thick muddy fluid coming down through submarine canyons result in deposits called: (96)

Sometimes sediments can form into rocks through the process of: (95)

Siliceous ooze is composed of: (97)

A piston corer has recovered samples as long as: (100)

The two most common components of terrigenous marine sediments are: (92)

Microtektites are classified as what type of sediments? (94)

You might see paleoceanographers and paleontologists working together to explain the: (102+)

The constituents dissolved in rivers and streams are: (122)

The carbon dioxide dissolved in seawater is ___ times more than that in the atmosphere: (125+)

The large amount of heat required to melt ice and boil water are due to: (109)

The term “salinity” refers to: (121)

If the salinity of seawater increases, its density will: (114)

The property of seawater used by salinometers to measure salinity is: (124)

The two most abundant elements dissolved in seawater are: (122F)

A major way salts are removed from seawater is: (125)

What type of bonds hold hydrogen and oxygen together between two water molecules? (108)

About 2 billion years ago the levels of iron in the oceans declined rapidly because:

Pure water has its maximum density when its temperature is: (110)

The Principle of Constant Proportions (Forchhammer’s Principle) describes the: (123)

The salty water near Greenland that becomes cold and dense and sinks was carried by:

The average mixing time of the entire ocean is about __________ years. (125)

Salinity cannot be measured accurately by: (123)

The 540 calories of the latent heat of vaporization of water are called latent because: (112)

A density zone caused by salinity differences is called a(n): (114F)

The mixed layer (or surface layer) contains about _____ percent of the ocean’s water. (114F)

Which of these would decrease seawater density? (111)

Which color(s) of light is(are) absorbed the most quickly by seawater? (117F)

The deep zone contains about ______ percent of the ocean’s volume? (114F)

Which of these is not likely to be an adaptation of fish of the disphotic and aphotic zones?

The speed of sound in air is about ______ than the speed of sound in water. (118)

The photic zone is most closely associated with which depths: (116)

The water temperature of the deep zone is generally about ___°C:

Sound waves travel at the same speed through all layers of the ocean. (118F)

When red light is absorbed by seawater, it is converted to: (117)

The ocean appears blue to your eyes primarily because of: (117)

Which of these is a measure of density? (109+)

A neutral solution has a pH of: (126)

When removing 1 calorie of heat from 1 gram of water the temperature drop of a 1°C is called its: (111)

A substance which resists changes in pH is a(n): (126)

Which of these is densest? (video 4)